Skip to content

1Panel IP Access Control Bypass via Untrusted X-Forwarded-For Headers

Moderate severity GitHub Reviewed Published Dec 8, 2025 in 1Panel-dev/1Panel • Updated Dec 8, 2025

Package

gomod github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel (Go)

Affected versions

< 2.0.14

Patched versions

2.0.14
gomod github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/agent (Go)
< 0.0.0-20251201063338-94f7d78cc976
0.0.0-20251201063338-94f7d78cc976

Description

Summary

The server trusts all reverse-proxy headers by default, so any remote client can spoof X-Forwarded-For to bypass IP-based protections (AllowIPs, API IP whitelist, “localhost-only” checks). All IP-based access control becomes ineffective.

Details

  • Gin is created with defaults (gin.Default()), which sets TrustedProxies = 0.0.0.0/0 and uses X-Forwarded-For/X-Real-IP to compute ClientIP().

  • IP-based controls rely on ClientIP():

    • AllowIPs / BindDomain (core/middleware/ip_limit.go, core/utils/security/security.go).
    • API IP whitelist (core/middleware/api_auth.go).
    • "localhost-only" checks that depend on ClientIP().
  • Because no trusted-proxy range is enforced, any client can send X-Forwarded-For: 127.0.0.1 (or a whitelisted IP) and be treated as coming from that address.

Impact

All IP-based access control is rendered ineffective: remote clients can masquerade as localhost or any whitelisted IP, defeating AllowIPs, API IP whitelists, and “localhost-only” protections.

References

@wanghe-fit2cloud wanghe-fit2cloud published to 1Panel-dev/1Panel Dec 8, 2025
Published to the GitHub Advisory Database Dec 8, 2025
Reviewed Dec 8, 2025
Last updated Dec 8, 2025

Severity

Moderate

CVSS overall score

This score calculates overall vulnerability severity from 0 to 10 and is based on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS).
/ 10

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector: More severe the more the remote (logically and physically) an attacker can be in order to exploit the vulnerability.
Attack complexity: More severe for the least complex attacks.
Privileges required: More severe if no privileges are required.
User interaction: More severe when no user interaction is required.
Scope: More severe when a scope change occurs, e.g. one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope.
Confidentiality: More severe when loss of data confidentiality is highest, measuring the level of data access available to an unauthorized user.
Integrity: More severe when loss of data integrity is the highest, measuring the consequence of data modification possible by an unauthorized user.
Availability: More severe when the loss of impacted component availability is highest.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

EPSS score

Weaknesses

Authentication Bypass by Spoofing

This attack-focused weakness is caused by incorrectly implemented authentication schemes that are subject to spoofing attacks. Learn more on MITRE.

CVE ID

CVE-2025-66508

GHSA ID

GHSA-7cqv-qcq2-r765

Source code

Credits

Loading Checking history
See something to contribute? Suggest improvements for this vulnerability.